Programmazione orientata agli oggetti in Python
Alex Yarosh
Content Quality Analyst @ DataCamp
a = 1
a / 0
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
1/0
ZeroDivisionError: division by zero
a = [1,2,3]
a[5]
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
a[5]
IndexError: list index out of range
a = 1
a + "Hello"
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 2, in <module>
a + "Hello"
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: /
'int' and 'str'
a = 1
a + b
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
a + b
NameError: name 'b' is not defined
try - except - finally:try: # Prova a eseguire del codiceexcept ExceptionNameHere: # Esegui questo codice se si verifica ExceptionNameHereexcept AnotherExceptionHere: #<-- più blocchi except # Esegui questo codice se si verifica AnotherExceptionHere ...finally: #<-- opzionale # Esegui questo codice in ogni caso
raise ExceptionNameHere('Messaggio di errore qui')def make_list_of_ones(length):
if length <= 0:
raise ValueError("Lunghezza non valida!") # <--- Ferma il programma e solleva un errore
return [1]*length
make_list_of_ones(-1)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
make_list_of_ones(-1)
File "<stdin>", line 3, in make_list_of_ones
raise ValueError("Lunghezza non valida!")
ValueError: Lunghezza non valida!
BaseException o ExceptionBaseException
+-- Exception
+-- ArithmeticError # <---
| +-- FloatingPointError
| +-- OverflowError
| +-- ZeroDivisionError # <---
+-- TypeError
+-- ValueError
| +-- UnicodeError
| +-- UnicodeDecodeError
| +-- UnicodeEncodeError
| +-- UnicodeTranslateError
+-- RuntimeError
...
+-- SystemExit
...
Exception o una delle sue sottoclassiclass BalanceError(Exception): pass
class Customer:
def __init__(self, name, balance):
if balance < 0 :
raise BalanceError("Il saldo deve essere non negativo!")
else:
self.name, self.balance = name, balance
cust = Customer("Larry Torres", -100)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "script.py", line 11, in <module>
cust = Customer("Larry Torres", -100)
File "script.py", line 6, in __init__
raise BalanceError("Il saldo deve essere non negativo!")
BalanceError: Il saldo deve essere non negativo!
cust
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
cust
NameError: name 'cust' is not defined
try:
cust = Customer("Larry Torres", -100)
except BalanceError:
cust = Customer("Larry Torres", 0)
Programmazione orientata agli oggetti in Python