Projecties en coördinatenreferentiesystemen

Geospatiale data visualiseren in Python

Mary van Valkenburg

Data Science Program Manager, Nashville Software School

Projecties

platte kaart van de bolvormige aarde

Veel manieren om kaarten te projecteren

xkcd-strip over kaartprojecties

Coördinatenreferentiesystemen

EPSG:4326

Gebruikt door Google Earth
Eenheden: decimale graden

EPSG:3857

Gebruikt door Google Maps, Bing Maps, OpenStreetMap
Eenheden: meter

School Name              Latitude     Longitude
A. Z. Kelley Elementary    36.021       -86.658
Alex Green Elementary      36.252       -86.832
Amqui Elementary           36.273       -86.703
Andrew Jackson Elementary  36.231       -86.623

import geopandas as gpd
schools['geometry'] = gpd.points_from_xy(schools.Longitude, schools.Latitude)
schools.head(4)

School Name                Latitude  Longitude                geometry
A. Z. Kelley Elementary      36.021    -86.658  POINT (-86.658 36.021)
Alex Green Elementary        36.252    -86.832  POINT (-86.832 36.252)
Amqui Elementary             36.273    -86.703  POINT (-86.703 36.273)
Andrew Jackson Elementary    36.231    -86.623  POINT (-86.623 36.231)

Een GeoDataFrame maken van een DataFrame

import geopandas as gpd

schools_geo = gpd.GeoDataFrame(schools, 
                               crs = 'epsg:4326', 
                               geometry = schools.geometry)

schools_geo.head(4)

School Name                Latitude  Longitude               geometry
A. Z. Kelley Elementary      36.021    -86.658  POINT (-86.658 36.021)
Alex Green Elementary        36.252    -86.832  POINT (-86.832 36.252)
Amqui Elementary             36.273    -86.703  POINT (-86.703 36.273)
Andrew Jackson Elementary    36.231    -86.623  POINT (-86.623 36.231)

Van de ene CRS naar de andere

schools_geo.head(2)

School Name              Latitude  Longitude                geometry
A. Z. Kelley Elementary    36.021    -86.658  POINT (-86.658 36.021)
Alex Green Elementary      36.252    -86.832  POINT (-86.832 36.252)

schools_geo.geometry = schools_geo.geometry.to_crs(epsg = 3857)
schools_geo.head(2)

School Name              Latitude  Longitude                      geometry
A. Z. Kelley Elementary    36.021    -86.658  POINT (-9646818.8 4303623.8)
Alex Green Elementary      36.252    -86.832  POINT (-9666119.5 4335484.4)

Laten we oefenen!

Geospatiale data visualiseren in Python