R로 배우는 Feature Engineering
Jorge Zazueta
Research Professor and Head of the Modeling Group at the School of Economics, UASLP
결측값이 있는 일반적 데이터셋

값을 범주형으로 처리

보정된 값이 있는 데이터셋

범주형을 더미 변수로 표현

# A tibble: 614 × 13
Loan_ID Gender Married Dependents Educa…¹ Self_…² Appli…³ Coapp…⁴ LoanA…⁵ Loan_…⁶
<fct> <fct> <fct> <fct> <fct> <fct> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 LP001002 Male No 0 Gradua… No 5849 0 NA 360
2 LP001003 Male Yes 1 Gradua… No 4583 1508 128 360
3 LP001005 Male Yes 0 Gradua… Yes 3000 0 66 360
4 LP001006 Male Yes 0 Not Gr… No 2583 2358 120 360
5 LP001008 Male No 0 Gradua… No 6000 0 141 360
6 LP001011 Male Yes 2 Gradua… Yes 5417 4196 267 360
7 LP001013 Male Yes 0 Not Gr… No 2333 1516 95 360
8 LP001014 Male Yes 3+ Gradua… No 3036 2504 158 360
9 LP001018 Male Yes 2 Gradua… No 4006 1526 168 360
10 LP001020 Male Yes 1 Gradua… No 12841 10968 349 360
# … with 604 more rows, 3 more variables: Credit_History <dbl>, Property_Area <fct>,
# Loan_Status <fct>, and abbreviated variable names ¹Education, ²Self_Employed,
# ³ApplicantIncome, ⁴CoapplicantIncome, ⁵LoanAmount, ⁶Loan_Amount_Term
# ℹ Use `print(n = ...)` to see more rows, and `colnames()` to see all variable names
패키지 naniar의 vis_miss(loans)로 loans의 결측값을 시각적으로 확인할 수 있습니다.

결측값이 있는 열만 선택해 표를 확대해 볼 수 있습니다.
loans %>%
select(Gender,
Married,
Dependents,
Self_Employed,
LoanAmount,
Loan_Amount_Term,
Credit_History) %>%
vis_miss()
결측값 자세히 보기

하나의 레시피에서 결측값 보정과 더미 변수 생성을 함께 처리할 수 있습니다.
lr_recipe <-
recipe(Loan_Status ~.,
data = train) %>%
update_role(Loan_ID,
new_role = "ID" ) %>%
step_impute_knn(all_predictors()) %>%
step_dummy(all_nominal_predictors())
레시피 출력
lr_recipe
Recipe
Inputs:
role #variables
ID 1
outcome 1
predictor 30
Operations:
K-nearest neighbor imputation for all_predictors()
Dummy variables from all_nominal_predictors()
다른 보정 방법과 모든 레시피 단계는 tidymodels 문서에서 확인할 수 있습니다: www.tidymodels.org/find/recipes

# Fit
lr_fit <-
lr_workflow %>% fit(data = train)
lr_aug <-
lr_fit %>% augment(test)
# Assess
lr_aug %>%
roc_curve(truth = Loan_Status, .pred_N) %>%
autoplot()
bind_rows(lr_aug %>%
roc_auc(truth = Loan_Status,
.pred_N),
lr_aug %>%
accuracy(truth = Loan_Status,
.pred_class))
# A tibble: 2 × 3
.metric .estimator .estimate
<chr> <chr> <dbl>
1 roc_auc binary 0.738
2 accuracy binary 0.792

R로 배우는 Feature Engineering