交互作用を使って予測する

statsmodels を使った中級 Regression

Maarten Van den Broeck

Content Developer at DataCamp

交互作用を含むモデル

mdl_mass_vs_both_inter = ols("mass_g ~ species + species:length_cm + 0",
                             data=fish).fit()

print(mdl_mass_vs_both_inter.params)

species[Bream]             -1035.3476
species[Perch]              -619.1751
species[Pike]              -1540.8243
species[Roach]              -329.3762
species[Bream]:length_cm      54.5500
species[Perch]:length_cm      38.9115
species[Pike]:length_cm       53.1949
species[Roach]:length_cm      23.3193

予測の流れ

from itertools import product

length_cm = np.arange(5, 61, 5)

species = fish["species"].unique()

p = product(length_cm, species)

explanatory_data = pd.DataFrame(p,
                                columns=["length_cm",
                                         "species"])

prediction_data = explanatory_data.assign(
 mass_g = mdl_mass_vs_both_inter.predict(explanatory_data))

print(prediction_data)

    length_cm species     mass_g
0           5   Bream  -762.5977
1           5   Roach  -212.7799
2           5   Perch  -424.6178
3           5    Pike -1274.8499
4          10   Bream  -489.8478
5          10   Roach   -96.1836
6          10   Perch  -230.0604
7          10    Pike -1008.8756
8          15   Bream  -217.0979
...
40         55   Bream  1964.9014
41         55   Roach   953.1833
42         55   Perch  1520.9556
43         55    Pike  1384.8933
44         60   Bream  2237.6513
45         60   Roach  1069.7796
46         60   Perch  1715.5129
47         60    Pike  1650.8677

予測結果を可視化する

sns.lmplot(x="length_cm",
           y="mass_g",
           data=fish,
           hue="species",
           ci=None)

sns.scatterplot(x="length_cm",
                y="mass_g",
                data=prediction_data,
                hue="species")

plt.show()

魚の種ごとの体長と質量の散布図

予測値を手動で計算する

coeffs = mdl_mass_vs_both_inter.params

species[Bream]             -1035.3476
species[Perch]              -619.1751
species[Pike]              -1540.8243
species[Roach]              -329.3762
species[Bream]:length_cm      54.5500
species[Perch]:length_cm      38.9115
species[Pike]:length_cm       53.1949
species[Roach]:length_cm      23.3193

ic_bream, ic_perch, ic_pike, ic_roach,
slope_bream, slope_perch, slope_pike, slope_roach = coeffs

予測値を手動で計算する

conditions = [
    explanatory_data["species"] == "Bream",
    explanatory_data["species"] == "Perch",
    explanatory_data["species"] == "Pike",
    explanatory_data["species"] == "Roach"    
]


ic_choices = [ic_bream, ic_perch, ic_pike, ic_roach]

intercept = np.select(conditions, ic_choices)


slope_choices = [slope_bream, slope_perch, slope_pike, slope_roach]

slope = np.select(conditions, slope_choices)

予測値を手動で計算する

prediction_data = explanatory_data.assign(
 mass_g = intercept + slope * explanatory_data["length_cm"])

print(prediction_data)

    length_cm species     mass_g
0           5   Bream  -762.5977
1           5   Roach  -212.7799
2           5   Perch  -424.6178
3           5    Pike -1274.8499
4          10   Bream  -489.8478
5          10   Roach   -96.1836
...
43         55    Pike  1384.8933
44         60   Bream  2237.6513
45         60   Roach  1069.7796
46         60   Perch  1715.5129
47         60    Pike  1650.8677

prediction_data = explanatory_data.assign(
 mass_g = mdl_mass_vs_both_inter.predict(explanatory_data))

print(prediction_data)

    length_cm species     mass_g
0           5   Bream  -762.5977
1           5   Roach  -212.7799
2           5   Perch  -424.6178
3           5    Pike -1274.8499
4          10   Bream  -489.8478
5          10   Roach   -96.1836
...
43         55    Pike  1384.8933
44         60   Bream  2237.6513
45         60   Roach  1069.7796
46         60   Perch  1715.5129
47         60    Pike  1650.8677

練習しましょう！

statsmodels を使った中級 Regression