Rで学ぶスケーラブルなデータ処理
Simon Urbanek
Member of R-Core, Lead Inventive Scientist, AT&T Labs Research
big.matrix はディスクに保存されるa のコピーが作成され、b に代入されます。
a <- 42
b <- a
a
42
b
42
a <- 43
a
43
b
42
a <- 42foo <- function(a){a <- 43 paste("Inside the function a is", a)}
foo(a)
"Inside the function a is 43"
paste("Outside the function a is still", a)
"Outside the function a is still 42"
この関数はグローバル環境の a の値を変更します
foo <- function(a) {a$val <- 43
paste("Inside the function a is", a$val)}
a <- environment()
a$val <- 42
foo(a)
"Inside the function a is 43"
paste("Outside the function a$val is", a$val)
"Outside the function a$val is 43"
# x is a big matrix
x <- big.matrix(...)
# x_no_copy and x refer to the same object
x_no_copy <- x
# x_copy and x refer to different objects
x_copy <- deepcopy(x)
Rは暗黙的にコピーを作成しません
library(bigmemory)
x <- big.matrix(nrow = 1, ncol = 3, type = "double",
init = 0,
backingfile = "hello-bigmemory.bin",
descriptorfile = "hello-bigmemory.desc")
x_no_copy <- x
x[,]
0 0 0
x_no_copy[,]
0 0 0
x[,] <- 1
x[,]
1 1 1
x_no_copy[,]
1 1 1
x_copy <- deepcopy(x)
x[,]
1 1 1
x_copy[,]
1 1 1
x[,] <- 2
x[,]
2 2 2
x_copy[,]
1 1 1
Rで学ぶスケーラブルなデータ処理