使用 hue 添加第三个变量

Seaborn 数据可视化入门

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Tips 数据集

import pandas as pd
import seaborn as sns

tips = sns.load_dataset("tips")

tips.head()

   total_bill   tip     sex smoker  day    time  size
0       16.99  1.01  Female     No  Sun  Dinner     2
1       10.34  1.66    Male     No  Sun  Dinner     3
2       21.01  3.50    Male     No  Sun  Dinner     3
3       23.68  3.31    Male     No  Sun  Dinner     2
4       24.59  3.61  Female     No  Sun  Dinner     4

¹ Waskom, M. L. (2021). seaborn: statistical data visualization. https://seaborn.pydata.org/

基础散点图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns

sns.scatterplot(x="total_bill", 
                y="tip", 
                data=tips)

plt.show()

总账单与小费金额的散点图

¹ Waskom, M. L. (2021). seaborn: statistical data visualization. https://seaborn.pydata.org/

带 hue 的散点图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns

sns.scatterplot(x="total_bill", 
                y="tip", 
                data=tips,
                hue="smoker")

plt.show()

按吸烟状态着色的散点图

¹ Waskom, M. L. (2021). seaborn: statistical data visualization. https://seaborn.pydata.org/

设置 hue 顺序

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns

sns.scatterplot(x="total_bill", 
                y="tip", 
                data=tips,
                hue="smoker",
                hue_order=["Yes", 
                           "No"])

plt.show()

图例中吸烟者在非吸烟者之前的散点图

¹ Waskom, M. L. (2021). seaborn: statistical data visualization. https://seaborn.pydata.org/

指定 hue 颜色

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns

hue_colors = {"Yes": "black", 
              "No": "red"}

sns.scatterplot(x="total_bill", 
                y="tip", 
                data=tips,
                hue="smoker",
                palette=hue_colors)

plt.show()

使用黑色和红色 hue 颜色的散点图

¹ Waskom, M. L. (2021). seaborn: statistical data visualization. https://seaborn.pydata.org/

颜色名称与十六进制代码表

在 hue 中使用 HTML 十六进制色码

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns

hue_colors = {"Yes": "#808080", 
              "No": "#00FF00"}

sns.scatterplot(x="total_bill", 
                y="tip", 
                data=tips,
                hue="smoker",
                palette=hue_colors)

plt.show()

使用十六进制颜色的散点图

¹ Waskom, M. L. (2021). seaborn: statistical data visualization. https://seaborn.pydata.org/

在计数图中使用 hue

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns

sns.countplot(x="smoker", 
              data=tips, 
              hue="sex")

plt.show()

按吸烟状态统计，并区分男性与女性的计数图

¹ Waskom, M. L. (2021). seaborn: statistical data visualization. https://seaborn.pydata.org/

Passons à la pratique !

Seaborn 数据可视化入门