Grafice linie

Introducere în vizualizarea datelor cu ggplot2

Rick Scavetta

Founder, Scavetta Academy

Tipuri comune de grafice

Tip grafic	Geomuri posibile
Diagrame puncte	points, jitter, abline, smooth, count
Diagrame bare	histogram, bar, col, errorbar
Grafice linie	line, path

Castor

str(beaver)

'data.frame':    101 obs. of  3 variables:
 $ time  : POSIXct, format: "2000-01-01 09:30:00" "2000-01-01 09:40:00" "2000-01-01 09:50:00" ...
 $ temp  : num  36.6 36.7 36.9 37.1 37.2 ...
 $ active: Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...

Castor

ggplot(beaver, aes(x = time, y = temp)) +
  geom_line()

Castor

ggplot(beaver, aes(x = time, y = temp, 
                   color = factor(active))
                   ) +
  geom_line()

Setul de date fish

str(fish)

'data.frame':    427 obs. of  3 variables:
 $ Species: Factor w/ 7 levels "Pink","Chum",..: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 ...
 $ Year   : int  1950 1950 1950 1950 1950 1950 1950 1951 1951 1951 ...
 $ Capture: int  100600 139300 64100 30500 0 23200 10800 259000 155900 51200 ...

Estetica linetype

ggplot(fish, aes(x = Year, 
                 y = Capture, 
                 linetype = Species)) + 
  geom_line()

Estetica size

ggplot(fish, aes(x = Year, 
                 y = Capture, 
                 size = Species)) + 
  geom_line()

Estetica color

ggplot(fish, aes(x = Year, 
                 y = Capture, 
                 color = Species)) + 
  geom_line()

Estetici pentru variabile categoriale

Estetica fill cu geom_area()

ggplot(fish, aes(x = Year, 
                 y = Capture, 
                 fill = Species)) + 
  geom_area()

Utilizarea position = "fill"

ggplot(fish, aes(x = Year, 
                 y = Capture, 
                 fill = Species)) + 
  geom_area(position = "fill")

geom_ribbon()

ggplot(fish, aes(x = Year, 
                 y = Capture, 
                 fill = Species)) + 
  geom_ribbon(aes(ymax = Capture, 
                  ymin = 0), 
              alpha = 0.3)

Să exersăm!

Introducere în vizualizarea datelor cu ggplot2