Gérer les images Docker locales

Introduction à Docker

Tim Sangster

Software Engineer @ DataCamp

Docker Hub est la plus grande bibliothèque et communauté d'images de conteneurs. Parcourez plus de 100 000 images de fournisseurs, de projets libres et de la communauté. Exemples très téléchargés : Nginx, mongoDB, Alpine Linux, Node.js, Redis, BusyBox, etc.

Récupérer une image

docker pull <image-name>

docker pull postgres
docker pull ubuntu

repl@host:/# docker pull hello-world
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
7050e35b49f5: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:e18f0a777aefabe047a671ab3ec3eed05414477c951ab1a6f352a06974245fe7
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
docker.io/library/hello-world:latest

Versions d'image

Les images Docker ont plusieurs versions (étiquettes). Ici, 6 versions d'Ubuntu, par exemple 18.04, aussi étiquetée bionic.

docker pull <image-name>:<image-version>

docker pull ubuntu:22.04
docker pull ubuntu:jammy

Lister les images

docker images

repl@host:/# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG               IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
hello-world   latest            46331d942d63   7 months ago    9.14kB
ubuntu        bionic-20210723   7c0c6ae0b575   15 months ago   56.6MB
postgres      12.7              f076c2fa35f5   15 months ago   300MB
postgres      10.3              cbb7481ff9d5   4 years ago     232MB
...

Supprimer des images

docker image rm <image-name>

repl@host:/# docker image rm hello-world
Untagged: hello-world:latest
Untagged: hello-world@sha256:e18f0a777aefabe047a671ab3ec3eed05414477c951ab1a6f35..
Deleted: sha256:46331d942d6350436f64e614d75725f6de3bb5c63e266e236e04389820a234c4
Deleted: sha256:efb53921da3394806160641b72a2cbd34ca1a9a8345ac670a85a04ad3d0e3507

repl@host:/# docker image rm hello-world  
Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to remove repository reference 
"hello-world" (must force) - container 96a7b7b0c535 is using its 
referenced image 46331d942d63

Nettoyer les conteneurs

docker container prune

repl@host:/# docker container prune
WARNING! This will remove all stopped containers.
Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N] y
Deleted Containers:
4a7f7eebae0f63178aff7eb0aa39cd3f0627a203ab2df258c1a00b456cf20063
f98f9c2aa1eaf727e4ec9c0283bc7d4aa4762fbdba7f26191f26c97f64090360

Total reclaimed space: 212 B

Nettoyer les images

docker image prune -a

repl@host:/# docker image prune -a
WARNING! This will remove all images without at least one container associated t..
Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N] y
Deleted Images:
untagged: alpine:latest
untagged: alpine@sha256:3dcdb92d7432d56604d4545cbd324b14e647b313626d99b889d0626d..
deleted: sha256:4e38e38c8ce0b8d9041a9c4fefe786631d1416225e13b0bfe8cfa2321aec4bba
deleted: sha256:4fe15f8d0ae69e169824f25f1d4da3015a48feeeeebb265cd2e328e15c6a869f

Total reclaimed space: 16.43 MB

Images orphelines

docker images

repl@host:/# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG               IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
testsql       latest            6c49f0cce145   7 months ago    3.73GB
<none>        <none>            a22b8450b88f   7 months ago    3.73GB
<none>        <none>            10dd2d03f59c   7 months ago    3.73GB
<none>        <none>            878bae40320b   7 months ago    3.73GB
<none>        <none>            4ea70583ba54   7 months ago    3.75GB
<none>        <none>            3c64576a3a7d   7 months ago    3.75GB

Résumé des nouvelles commandes

Utilisation	Commande
Récupérer une image	docker pull <image-name>
Récupérer une version précise d'une image	docker pull <image-name>:<image-version>
Lister toutes les images locales	docker images
Supprimer une image	docker image rm <image-name>
Supprimer tous les conteneurs arrêtés	docker container prune
Supprimer toutes les images	docker image prune -a

Passons à la pratique !

Introduction à Docker