筛选与收尾

SQL 报表制作

Tyler Pernes

Learning & Development Consultant

目标报表

按人群分组的金牌数
（仅西欧国家）
+----------+--------------------+-------+
| season   |  demographic_group | golds |
|----------+--------------------+-------|
| Winter   | Male Age 26+       | 13    |
| Winter   | Female Age 26+     | 8     |
| Summer   | Male Age 13-25     | 7     |
| Summer   | Female Age 13-25   | 6     |
| Winter   | Male Age 13-25     | 4     |
| Summer   | Male Age 26+       | 4     |
| Winter   | Female Age 13-25   | 4     |
| Summer   | Female Age 26+     | 2     |
+----------+--------------------+-------+
SQL 报表制作

筛选

SQL 报表制作

用子查询进行筛选

查询上半部分：

SELECT 
    'Summer' AS season,
    CASE WHEN age >= 13 AND age <= 25 AND gender = 'M' THEN 'Male Age 13-25'
    WHEN age > 25 AND gender = 'M' THEN 'Male Age 26+'
    WHEN age >= 13 AND age <= 25 AND gender = 'F' THEN 'Female Age 13-25'
    WHEN age > 25 AND gender = 'F' THEN 'Female Age 26+' 
    END AS demographic_group, 
    SUM(gold) AS golds
FROM summer_games AS sg
JOIN athletes AS a 
ON sg.athlete_id = a.id
GROUP BY demographic_group;
SQL 报表制作

用子查询进行筛选

步骤 1： 设置子查询

SELECT id
FROM countries
WHERE region = 'WESTERN EUROPE';

+------+
| id   |
|------|
| 5    |
| 12   |
| 19   |
+------+
SQL 报表制作

用子查询进行筛选

步骤 2： 设置 WHERE 语句

SELECT 
    'Summer' AS season,
    CASE WHEN age >= 13 AND age <= 25 AND gender = 'M' THEN 'Male Age 13-25'
    WHEN age > 25 AND gender = 'M' THEN 'Male Age 26+'
    WHEN age >= 13 AND age <= 25 AND gender = 'F' THEN 'Female Age 13-25'
    WHEN age > 25 AND gender = 'F' THEN 'Female Age 26+' 
    END AS demographic_group, 
    SUM(gold) AS golds
FROM summer_games AS sg
JOIN athletes AS a 
ON sg.athlete_id = a.id
WHERE country_id IN 
    (___)
GROUP BY demographic_group;
SQL 报表制作

用子查询进行筛选

步骤 2： 设置 WHERE 语句

SELECT 
    'Summer' AS season,
    CASE WHEN age >= 13 AND age <= 25 AND gender = 'M' THEN 'Male Age 13-25'
    WHEN age > 25 AND gender = 'M' THEN 'Male Age 26+'
    WHEN age >= 13 AND age <= 25 AND gender = 'F' THEN 'Female Age 13-25'
    WHEN age > 25 AND gender = 'F' THEN 'Female Age 26+' 
    END AS demographic_group, 
    SUM(gold) AS golds
FROM summer_games AS sg
JOIN athletes AS a 
ON sg.athlete_id = a.id
WHERE country_id IN 
    (SELECT id
    FROM countries
    WHERE region = 'WESTERN EUROPE')
GROUP BY demographic_group;
SQL 报表制作

用 JOIN 进行筛选

SELECT 
    'Summer' AS season,
    CASE WHEN age >= 13 AND age <= 25 AND gender = 'M' THEN 'Male Age 13-25'
    WHEN age > 25 AND gender = 'M' THEN 'Male Age 26+'
    WHEN age >= 13 AND age <= 25 AND gender = 'F' THEN 'Female Age 13-25'
    WHEN age > 25 AND gender = 'F' THEN 'Female Age 26+' 
    END AS demographic_group, 
    SUM(gold) AS golds
FROM summer_games AS sg
JOIN athletes AS a 
ON sg.athlete_id = a.id
JOIN countries AS c
ON sg.country_id = c.id
WHERE region = 'WESTERN EUROPE'
GROUP BY demographic_group;
SQL 报表制作

剩余问题

  • ORDER BY?
  • LIMIT?
按人群分组的金牌数
（仅西欧国家）
+----------+--------------------+-------+
| season   |  demographic_group | golds |
|----------+--------------------+-------|
| Winter   | Male Age 26+       | 13    |
| Winter   | Female Age 26+     | 8     |
| Summer   | Male Age 13-25     | 7     |
| Summer   | Female Age 13-25   | 6     |
| Winter   | Male Age 13-25     | 4     |
| Summer   | Male Age 26+       | 4     |
| Winter   | Female Age 13-25   | 4     |
| Summer   | Female Age 26+     | 2     |
+----------+--------------------+-------+
SQL 报表制作

最终代码

SELECT 
    'Summer' AS season,
    CASE WHEN age >= 13 AND age <= 25 AND gender = 'M' THEN 'Male Age 13-25'
    WHEN age > 25 AND gender = 'M' THEN 'Male Age 26+'
    WHEN age >= 13 AND age <= 25 AND gender = 'F' THEN 'Female Age 13-25'
    WHEN age > 25 AND gender = 'F' THEN 'Female Age 26+' 
    END AS demographic_group, 
    SUM(gold) AS golds
FROM summer_games AS sg
JOIN athletes AS a 
ON sg.athlete_id = a.id
WHERE country_id IN 
    (SELECT id
    FROM countries
    WHERE region = 'WESTERN EUROPE')
GROUP BY demographic_group
UNION ALL
  ...
ORDER BY golds DESC;
SQL 报表制作

执行顺序

  • 两个 JOIN

SQL 报表制作

执行顺序

  • 两个 JOIN
  • 添加逻辑

SQL 报表制作

执行顺序

  • 两个 JOIN
  • 添加逻辑
  • UNION

SQL 报表制作

执行顺序

  • 两个 JOIN
  • 添加逻辑
  • UNION
  • ORDER BY

SQL 报表制作

选项 B

SELECT 
    season,
    CASE WHEN age >= 13 AND age <= 25 AND gender = 'M' THEN 'Male Age 13-25'
    WHEN age > 25 AND gender = 'M' THEN 'Male Age 26+'
    WHEN age >= 13 AND age <= 25 AND gender = 'F' THEN 'Female Age 13-25'
    WHEN age > 25 AND gender = 'F' THEN 'Female Age 26+' 
    END AS demographic_group, 
    SUM(gold) as golds
FROM 
    (SELECT 'Summer' AS season, country_id, athlete_id, gold
    FROM summer_games AS sg
    UNION ALL
    SELECT 'Winter' AS season, country_id, athlete_id, gold
    FROM winter_games AS wg) AS g
JOIN athletes AS a
ON g.athlete_id = a.id
WHERE country_id IN 
    (SELECT id 
    FROM countries
    WHERE region = 'WESTERN EUROPE')
GROUP BY season, demographic_group
ORDER BY golds DESC;

SQL 报表制作

综合练习

SQL 报表制作

Vamos praticar!

SQL 报表制作

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