比较分组

SQL 报表制作

Tyler Pernes

Learning & Development Consultant

指标类型

规模指标
效率指标

规模指标

随规模变化

规模指标

随规模变化

规模指标

随规模变化

总占比计算

basketball_points 表
+----------+------------+---------+
| team_id  | player_id  | points  |
|----------|------------|---------|
| 1        | 482        | 92      |
| 1        | 165        | 47      |
| 2        | 222        | 64      |
+----------+------------+---------+

SELECT team_id, SUM(points) AS points
FROM basketball_points
GROUP BY team_id;

总占比计算

basketball_points 表
+----------+------------+---------+
| team_id  | player_id  | points  |
|----------|------------|---------|
| 1        | 482        | 92      |
| 1        | 165        | 47      |
| 2        | 222        | 64      |
+----------+------------+---------+

+----------+---------+
| team_id  | points  |
|----------|---------|
| 1        | 782     |
| 2        | 625     |
| 3        | 487     |
| 4        | 398     |
+----------+---------+

总占比计算

步骤 1：计算总计

SELECT 
    team_id, 
    SUM(points) AS points
    SUM(points) OVER () AS total_points
FROM basketball_points
GROUP BY team_id;

步骤 2：计算总占比

SELECT 
    team_id, 
    SUM(points) AS points
    SUM(points) / SUM(points) OVER () AS perc_of_total
FROM basketball_points
GROUP BY team_id;

总占比计算

结果：

+----------+---------+---------------+
| team_id  | points  | perc_of_total |
|----------|---------|---------------|
| 1        | 782     | .34           |
| 2        | 625     | .27           |
| 3        | 487     | .21           |
| 4        | 398     | .17           |
+----------+---------+---------------+

总占比计算

每支球队中，按球员的得分占比：

SELECT 
    player_id,
    team_id,
    SUM(points) AS points
    SUM(points) / (SUM(points) OVER (PARTITION BY team_id)) AS perc_of_team
FROM basketball_points
GROUP BY player_id, team_id;

总占比计算

结果：

+-----------+---------+---------+--------------+
| player_id | team_id | points  | perc_of_team |
|-----------|---------|---------|--------------|
| 482       | 1       | 92      | .12          |
| 165       | 1       | 47      | .06          |
| 222       | 2       | 64      | .10          |
+-----------+---------+---------+--------------+

效率指标

不随规模变化
通常为比率

效率指标

不随规模变化
通常为比率

效率指标

不随规模变化
通常为比率

绩效指数

将表现与基准比较
基准通常为平均数或中位数

绩效指数

basketball_summary 表
+----------+--------+---------+
| team_id  | games  | points  |
|----------|--------|---------|
| 1        | 24     | 782     |
| 2        | 20     | 625     |
| 3        | 12     | 487     |
+----------+--------+---------+

场均得分的表现如何？

绩效指数

步骤 1：按队计算场均得分

SELECT 
    team_id, 
    points/games AS team_ppg
FROM basketball_summary;

步骤 2：全联盟场均得分

SELECT 
    team_id, 
    points/games AS team_ppg,
    SUM(points) OVER () / SUM(games) OVER () AS league_ppg
FROM basketball_summary;

绩效指数

步骤 3：绩效指数

SELECT 
    team_id, 
    points/games AS team_ppg,
    SUM(points) OVER () / SUM(games) OVER () AS league_ppg,
    (points/games) 
    / 
    (SUM(points) OVER () / SUM(games) OVER ()) AS perf_index
FROM basketball_summary;

绩效指数

步骤 3：绩效指数

+----------+----------+------------+-------------+
| team_id  | team_ppg | league_ppg | perf_index  |    
|----------|----------|------------|-------------|
| 1        | 32.6     | 33.8       | 0.96        |
| 2        | 31.3     | 33.8       | 0.92        |
| 3        | 40.6     | 33.8       | 1.20        |
+----------+----------+------------+-------------+

¹ 结果清楚表明：球队 3 的得分比联盟平均高 20%。

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SQL 报表制作