维护用户自定义函数

SQL Server 中的函数与存储过程编写

Meghan Kwartler

IT Consultant

ALTER Function

ALTER FUNCTION SumLocationStats (@EndDate as datetime = '1/01/2017')
RETURNS TABLE AS RETURN 
SELECT 
  PULocationID as PickupLocation, 
  COUNT(ID) as RideCount, 
  SUM(TripDistance) as TotalTripDistance 
FROM YellowTripData 
WHERE CAST(DropOffDate as Date) = @EndDate 
GROUP BY PULocationID;

CREATE OR ALTER

CREATE OR ALTER FUNCTION SumLocationStats (
 @EndDate AS datetime = '1/01/2017') 
 RETURNS TABLE AS RETURN 
SELECT 
  PULocationID as PickupLocation, 
  COUNT(ID) AS RideCount, 
  SUM(TripDistance) AS TotalTripDistance 
FROM YellowTripData 
WHERE CAST(DropOffDate AS Date) = @EndDate 
GROUP BY PULocationID;

-- Delete function
DROP FUNCTION dbo.CountTripAvgFareDay

-- Create CountTripAvgFareDay as Inline TVF instead of MSTVF
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.CountTripAvgFareDay(
  @Month char(2), 
  @Year char(4)
) RETURNS TABLE AS RETURN (
  SELECT 
    CAST(DropOffDate as date) as DropOffDate, 
    COUNT(ID) as TripCount, 
    AVG(FareAmount) as AvgFareAmt 
  FROM YellowTripData 
  WHERE 
    DATEPART(month, DropOffDate) = @Month 
    AND DATEPART(year, DropOffDate) = @Year 
  GROUP BY CAST(DropOffDate as date));

确定性可提升性能

当函数在以下条件下返回相同结果时，称为确定性：
- 相同的输入参数
- 相同的数据库状态

SELECT 
  OBJECTPROPERTY(
    OBJECT_ID('[dbo].[GetRideHrsOneDay]'), 
    'IsDeterministic'
  )

+---+
| 1 |
+---+

SELECT 
  OBJECTPROPERTY(
    OBJECT_ID('[dbo].[GetTomorrow]'), 
    'IsDeterministic'
  )

+---+
| 0 |
+---+

架构绑定（Schemabinding）

指定架构与其引用的数据库对象绑定
若有架构绑定对象引用它，则阻止更改该架构

CREATE OR ALTER FUNCTION dbo.GetRideHrsOneDay (@DateParm date)
RETURNS numeric WITH SCHEMABINDING
AS
BEGIN
RETURN 
(SELECT SUM(DATEDIFF(second, PickupDate, DropoffDate))/3600
FROM dbo.YellowTripData
WHERE CONVERT (date, PickupDate) = @DateParm)
END;

Passons à la pratique !

SQL Server 中的函数与存储过程编写