DDL 触发器的用例

在 SQL Server 中构建与优化触发器

Florin Angelescu

Instructor

DDL 触发器的功能

数据库级别

CREATE_TABLE,ALTER_TABLE,DROP_TABLE

CREATE_VIEW,ALTER_VIEW,DROP_VIEW

CREATE_INDEX,ALTER_INDEX,DROP_INDEX

ADD_ROLE_MEMBER,DROP_ROLE_MEMBER

CREATE_STATISTICS,DROP_STATISTICS

服务器级别

CREATE_DATABASE,ALTER_DATABASE, DROP_DATABASE

GRANT_SERVER,DENY_SERVER, REVOKE_SERVER

CREATE_CREDENTIAL,ALTER_CREDENTIAL, DROP_CREDENTIAL

数据库审计

CREATE TRIGGER DatabaseAudit
ON DATABASE
FOR DDL_TABLE_VIEW_EVENTS
AS
    INSERT INTO [DatabaseAudit] ([EventType], [Database], [Object],
                                 [UserAccount], [Query], [EventTime])
    SELECT
     EVENTDATA().value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/EventType)[1]', 'NVARCHAR(50)'),
     EVENTDATA().value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/DatabaseName)[1]', 'NVARCHAR(50)'),
     EVENTDATA().value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/ObjectName)[1]', 'NVARCHAR(100)'),
     EVENTDATA().value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/LoginName)[1]', 'NVARCHAR(100)'),
     EVENTDATA().value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/TSQLCommand/CommandText)[1]', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)'),
     EVENTDATA().value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/PostTime)[1]', 'DATETIME');

数据库审计

| EventType    | Database   | Object    | UserAccount | Query                   | EventTime  |
| CREATE_TABLE | FreshFruit | Sales     | XXX         | CREATE TABLE [Sales]... | 2019-05-13 |
| CREATE_TABLE | FreshFruit | Employees | XXX         | CREATE TABLE [Employ... | 2019-05-13 |

阻止服务器更改

CREATE TRIGGER PreventDatabaseDelete
ON ALL SERVER   
FOR DROP_DATABASE
AS   
   PRINT 'You are not allowed to remove existing databases.';
   ROLLBACK;

开始练习吧！

在 SQL Server 中构建与优化触发器