验证表达式是否为日期

在 SQL Server 中使用函数处理数据

Ana Voicu

Data Engineer

ISDATE(expression)

判断表达式是否为有效的日期数据类型

ISDATE() 表达式	返回值
date, time, datetime	1
datetime2	0
其他类型	0

ISDATE(expression)

DECLARE @date1 NVARCHAR(20) = '2019-05-05'
DECLARE @date2 NVARCHAR(20) = '2019-01-XX'
DECLARE @date3 CHAR(20) = '2019-05-05 12:45:59.9999999'
DECLARE @date4 CHAR(20) = '2019-05-05 12:45:59'

SELECT
    ISDATE(@date1) AS valid_date,
    ISDATE(@date2) AS invalid_date,
    ISDATE(@date3) AS valid_datetime2,
    ISDATE(@date4) AS valid_datetime;

| valid_date | invalid_date |valid_datetime2 | valid_datetime |
|------------|--------------|----------------|----------------|
| 1          | 0            | 0              | 1              |

SET DATEFORMAT

SET DATEFORMAT {format}

设置将字符串解释为日期时的日期部分顺序
可选格式：
- mdy、dmy、ymd、ydm、myd、dym

SET DATEFORMAT

DECLARE @date1 NVARCHAR(20) = '12-30-2019'
DECLARE @date2 NVARCHAR(20) = '30-12-2019'

SET DATEFORMAT dmy;
SELECT
    ISDATE(@date1) AS invalid_dmy,
    ISDATE(@date2) AS valid_dmy;

|invalid_dmy| valid_dmy |
|-----------|-----------|
| 0         | 1         |

SET LANGUAGE

SET LANGUAGE {language}

设置会话语言
隐式设置 SET DATEFORMAT
可用语言：English、Italian、Spanish 等

SET LANGUAGE

SET LANGUAGE English;
SELECT
    ISDATE('12-30-2019') AS mdy,
    ISDATE('30-12-2019') AS dmy;

| mdy | dmy |
|-----|-----|
| 1   | 0   |

SET LANGUAGE

SET LANGUAGE French;
SELECT
    ISDATE('12-30-2019') AS mdy,
    ISDATE('30-12-2019') AS dmy;

| mdy | dmy |
|-----|-----|
| 0   | 1   |

Vamos praticar!

在 SQL Server 中使用函数处理数据