R 中的数值数据推断
Mine Cetinkaya-Rundel
Associate Professor of the Practice, Duke University
回顾 High School and Beyond 调查数据。
数据是否能有力证明学生阅读与写作平均分存在差异?使用 5% 显著性水平。
$H_0: \mu_{diff} = 0$,阅读与写作平均分无差异。
$H_A: \mu_{diff} \ne 0$,阅读与写作平均分有差异。
t.test(hsb2$diff, null = 0, alternative = "two.sided")
t.test(hsb2$diff, null = 0, alternative = "two.sided")
One Sample t-test
data: hsb2$diff
t = -0.86731, df = 199, p-value = 0.3868
alternative hypothesis: true mean is not equal to 0
95 percent confidence interval:
-1.7841424 0.6941424
sample estimates:
mean of x
-0.545
R 中的数值数据推断