现实中的 parLapply

R 并行编程

Nabeel Imam

Data Scientist

认识一下工作进程

cluster <- makeCluster(4)

clusterEvalQ(cluster, {
  id <- Sys.getpid()
  print(
    paste("Hello, my worker ID is", id)
  )
})

[[1]]
[1] "Hello, my worker ID is 425108"

[[2]]
[1] "Hello, my worker ID is 425129"

[[3]]
[1] "Hello, my worker ID is 425150"

[[4]]
[1] "Hello, my worker ID is 425171"

并行筛选数据

print(file_list)

 [1] "./health/Afghanistan.csv"            
 [2] "./health/Albania.csv"            
 [3] "./health/Algeria.csv"            
 [4] "./health/American Samoa.csv"     
 [5] "./health/Andorra.csv"            
...

一个听诊器放在一叠一百美元上。

并行筛选数据

filterCSV <- function (csv) {
  read.csv(csv) %>% 
    dplyr::filter(!is.na(health_exp_pc))
}


cl <- makeCluster(4)
ls_df <- parLapply(cl, file_list, filterCSV)
stopCluster(cl)

Error in checkForRemoteErrors(val) :
  first error: could not find function "%>%"

clusterEvalQ 解救现场

在集群上加载包

cl <- makeCluster(4)
clusterEvalQ(cl, library(dplyr))


ls_df <- parLapply(cl, file_list, filterCSV)
stopCluster(cl)

在集群上加载多个包

clusterEvalQ(cl, {
  library(dplyr)
  library(stringr)
})

[[1]]
       Country health_exp_pc Year
1  Afghanistan      81.27103 2002
2  Afghanistan      82.45785 2003
3  Afghanistan      89.47005 2004
...

[[2]]
   Country health_exp_pc Year
1  Albania      300.2757 2001
2  Albania      314.3254 2002
3  Albania      343.9442 2003
...

条件筛选

# Function with an argument for starting year
filterCSV <- function (csv, min_year) { 

  read.csv(csv) %>% 
    dplyr::filter(!is.na(health_exp_pc),

                  # Filter data for min_year and onwards
                  Year >= min_year) 
}


selected_year <- 2010 # Value to be supplied to min_year

条件筛选

cl <- makeCluster(4)
clusterEvalQ(cl, library(dplyr))

clusterExport(cl, "selected_year",

             envir = environment())


ls_df <- parLapply(cl, file_list, filterCSV,

                   min_year = selected_year)

stopCluster(cl)

将 selected_year 导出到集群
从当前环境导出

将 selected_year 传给 min_year

条件筛选

[[1]]
       Country health_exp_pc Year
1  Afghanistan      143.6695 2010
2  Afghanistan      143.0915 2011
3  Afghanistan      151.9180 2012
...
  Country health_exp_pc Year
1 Albania      451.8820 2010
2 Albania      485.5835 2011
3 Albania      529.6322 2012
...

集群规范清单

确定核心数
创建合适的集群
- PSOCK：跨平台兼容
- FORK：Linux 或 Mac（更快）
加载所需包
导出所需变量
将导出变量传给命名参数
完成后停止集群

n_cores <- detectCores() - 2


cluster <- makeCluster(n_cores)




clusterEvalQ(cluster, library(crucial_package))

clusterExport(cluster, "variable_we_need")


parLapply(cluster, ls_inputs, our_function,
          named_argument = variable_we_need)


stopCluster(cluster)

Vamos praticar!

R 并行编程