Installation av Python-paket med pip
Databehandling i kommandoraden
Susan Sun
Data Person
Pythons standardbibliotek
Pythons standardbibliotek innehåller:
- inbyggda funktioner (t.ex. print())
- inbyggda paket (t.ex. math, os)
Datavetenskapspaket som scikit-learn och statsmodel:
- ingår INTE i Pythons standardbibliotek
- kan installeras med
pip, Pythons standardpakethanterare, via kommandoraden
Använda pip-dokumentationen
Dokumentation:
pip -h
Usage:
pip <command> [options]
Commands:
install Install packages.
uninstall Uninstall packages.
freeze Output installed packages in requirements format.
list List installed packages.
Använda pip-dokumentationen
Dokumentation:
pip --version
pip 19.1.1 from /usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip (python 3.5)
python --version
Python 3.5.2
Uppgradera pip
Om pip visar en uppgraderingsvarning:
WARNING: You are using pip version 19.1.1, however version 19.2.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
Uppgradera pip med sig själv:
pip install --upgrade pip
Collecting pip
|################################| 1.4MB 10.7MB/s
Successfully installed pip-19.2.1
pip list
pip list: visar Python-paketen i din aktuella Python-miljö
pip list
Package Version
- - - - - - - - - - - -
agate 1.6.1
agate-dbf 0.2.1
agate-excel 0.2.3
agate-sql 0.5.4
Babel 2.7.0
pip install – ett paket
pip install installerar det angivna paketet och alla dess beroenden
pip install scikit-learn
Collecting scikit-learn
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1f/af/e3c3cd6f61093830059138624dbd26d938d6da1caeec5aeabe772b916069/scikit_learn-0.21.3-cp35-cp35m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (6.6MB)
|################################| 6.6MB 32.5MB/s
Collecting scipy>=0.17.0 (from scikit-learn)
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/14/49/8f13fa215e10a7ab0731cc95b0e9bb66cf83c6a98260b154cfbd0b55fb19/scipy-1.3.0-cp35-cp35m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (25.1MB)
|################################| 25.1MB 35.5MB/s
...
pip install – en specifik version
Som standard installerar pip install alltid den senaste versionen av biblioteket.
pip install scikit-learn
Successfully built sklearn
Installing collected packages: joblib, scipy, scikit-learn, sklearn
Successfully installed joblib-0.13.2 scikit-learn-0.21.3 scipy-1.3.0 sklearn-0.0
pip install – en specifik version
För att installera en specifik (eller äldre) version av biblioteket:
pip install scikit-learn==0.19.2
Collecting scikit-learn==0.19.2
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/b6/e2/a1e254a4a4598588d4fe88b45ab88a226c289ecfd0f6c90474eb6a9ea6b3/scikit_learn-0.19.2-cp35-cp35m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (4.9MB)
|################################| 4.9MB 15.6MB/s
Installing collected packages: scikit-learn
Successfully installed scikit-learn-0.19.2
Uppgradera paket med pip
Uppgradera paketet scikit-learn med pip:
pip install --upgrade scikit-learn
Collecting scikit-learn
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1f/af/e3c3cd6f61093830059138624dbd26d938d6da1caeec5aeabe772b916069/scikit_learn-0.21.3-cp35-cp35m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (6.6MB)
|################################| 6.6MB 41.5MB/s
Requirement already satisfied, skipping upgrade: numpy>=1.11.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages (from scikit-learn) (1.16.4)
Collecting scipy>=0.17.0 (from scikit-learn)
Installing collected packages: scipy, joblib, scikit-learn
Successfully installed joblib-0.13.2 scikit-learn-0.21.3 scipy-1.3.0
pip install – flera paket
För att installera flera paket med pip install, separera paketen med mellanslag:
pip install scikit-learn statsmodels
Uppgradera flera paket:
pip install --upgrade scikit-learn statsmodels
pip install med requirements.txt
Filen requirements.txt innehåller en lista med paket som ska installeras:
cat requirements.txt
scikit-learn
statsmodel
De flesta Python-utvecklare inkluderar requirements.txt-filer i sina GitHub-repon.
pip install med requirements.txt
Flaggan -r låter pip install installera paket från en färdigskriven fil:
-r, --requirement <file>
Install from the given requirements file. This option can be used multiple times.
I vårt exempel:
pip install -r requirements.txt
motsvarar
pip install scikit-learn statsmodel
Nu kör vi en övning!
Databehandling i kommandoraden
