Avancerad filläsning

Datamanipulering med data.table i R

Matt Dowle, Arun Srinivasan

Instructors, DataCamp

Läsa stora heltal med typen integer64

Som standard kan R bara representera tal som är mindre än eller lika med 2^31 - 1 = 2147483647
Stora heltal läses automatiskt in som typen integer64, som tillhandahålls av paketet bit64

ans <- fread("id,name\n1234567890123,Jane\n5284782381811,John\n")
ans

           id name
1234567890123 Jane
5284782381811 John

class(ans$id)

"integer64"

Ange kolumntyper med colClasses

str <- "x1,x2,x3,x4,x5\n1,2,1.5,true,cc\n3,4,2.5,false,ff"

ans <- fread(str, colClasses = c(x5 = "factor"))
str(ans)

Classes 'data.table' and 'data.frame':    2 obs. of  5 variables:
 $ x1: int  1 3
 $ x2: int  2 4
 $ x3: num  1.5 2.5
 $ x4: logi  TRUE FALSE
 $ x5: Factor w/ 2 levels "cc","ff": 1 2

Ange kolumntyper med colClasses

ans <- fread(str, colClasses = c("integer", "integer", 
                                 "numeric", "logical", "factor"))
str(ans)

Classes 'data.table' and 'data.frame':    2 obs. of  5 variables:
 $ x1: int  1 3
 $ x2: int  2 4
 $ x3: num  1.5 2.5
 $ x4: logi  TRUE FALSE
 $ x5: Factor w/ 2 levels "cc","ff": 1 2

Ange kolumntyper med colClasses

str <- "x1,x2,x3,x4,x5,x6\n1,2,1.5,2.5,aa,bb\n3,4,5.5,6.5,cc,dd"
ans <- fread(str, colClasses = list(numeric = 1:4, factor = c("x5", "x6")))
str(ans)

Classes 'data.table' and 'data.frame': 2 obs. of 6 variables:
 $ x1: num  1 3
 $ x2: num  2 4
 $ x3: num  1.5 5.5
 $ x4: num  2.5 6.5
 $ x5: Factor w/ 2 levels "aa","cc": 1 2
 $ x6: Factor w/ 2 levels "bb","dd": 1 2

Argumentet fill

str <- "1,2\n3,4,a\n5,6\n7,8,b"
fread(str)

V1 5 6
 7 8 b
Warning message:
In fread(str) :
  Detected 2 column names but the data has 3 columns (i.e. invalid file). 
  Added 1 extra default column name for the first column which is guessed to 
  be row names or an index. 
  Use setnames() afterwards if this guess is not correct, 
  or fix the file write command that created the file to create a valid file.

Argumentet fill

fread(str, fill = TRUE)

Argumentet na.strings

Saknade värden kodas ofta som: "999" eller "##NA" eller "N/A"

str <- "x,y,z\n1,###,3\n2,4,###\n#N/A,7,9"
ans <- fread(str, na.strings = c("###", "#N/A"))
ans

x  y  z
1 NA  3
2  4 NA
NA 7  9

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Datamanipulering med data.table i R