Wawasan dan analisis log

Pemantauan dan Pemecahan Masalah AWS

John Q. Martin

Principal Consultant

Struktur kueri Logs Insights

Struktur kueri Logs Insights menampilkan perintah berantai pipe: fields, filter, stats, sort, dan limit

Bahasa kueri: kueri yang sama, tiga cara

CloudWatch Logs Insights QL

fields @timestamp, @message, level
| filter level = "ERROR"
| filter @timestamp > ago(1h)
| sort @timestamp desc
| limit 20

OpenSearch PPL

source = `/aws/lambda/my-function`
| where level = 'ERROR' and @timestamp > ago(1h)
| fields @timestamp, @message, level
| sort - @timestamp
| head 20

Bahasa kueri: OpenSearch SQL

OpenSearch SQL

SELECT `@timestamp`, `@message`, level
FROM `/aws/lambda/my-function`
WHERE level = 'ERROR'
  AND `@timestamp` > ago(1h)
ORDER BY `@timestamp` DESC
LIMIT 20

Sintaks standar SELECT / FROM / WHERE
Menambahkan JOIN antar grup log
Pilih yang paling cocok untuk tim Anda

Skenario 1: Lonjakan error

fields @timestamp, @message, level
| filter level = "ERROR"
| stats count() as error_count by bin(5m)
| sort @timestamp desc

Tingkat lanjut: kelompokkan berdasarkan jenis error

fields @timestamp, error_type, error_message
| filter level = "ERROR"
| stats count() as count by error_type, bin(5m)
| sort count desc

Skenario 2: Endpoint API lambat

fields @timestamp, endpoint, response_time, status_code
| filter response_time > 1000
| stats avg(response_time) as avg_time,
        max(response_time) as max_time,
        count() as slow_requests
        by endpoint
| sort avg_time desc

Penelusuran mendalam

fields @timestamp, endpoint, response_time, user_id, request_id
| filter endpoint = "/api/users" and response_time > 1000
| sort response_time desc
| limit 20

Skenario 3: Autentikasi gagal

fields @timestamp, user_id, ip_address, action
| filter action = "login_failed"
| stats count() as failed_attempts by user_id, ip_address
| sort failed_attempts desc
| limit 50

Analisis berbasis waktu

fields @timestamp, user_id, ip_address
| filter action = "login_failed"
| stats count() as attempts by ip_address, bin(1h)
| filter attempts > 10
| sort attempts desc

Skenario 4 & 5: Batas waktu basis data dan kebocoran memori

Batas waktu basis data

fields @timestamp, @message
| filter @message like /database/ and @message like /timeout|error|failed/
| parse @message "timeout after * seconds" as timeout_duration
| stats count() as timeout_count,
        avg(timeout_duration) as avg_timeout
        by bin(5m)

Deteksi kebocoran memori

fields @timestamp, memory_used_mb, heap_size_mb
| stats avg(memory_used_mb) as avg_memory,
        max(memory_used_mb) as max_memory
        by bin(1h)
| sort @timestamp asc

Skenario 6: Pelacakan permintaan

fields @timestamp, @message, request_id, service, action
| filter request_id = "abc123def456"
| sort @timestamp asc

Jejak multi-layanan

fields @timestamp, service, action, duration_ms, status
| filter request_id = "abc123def456"
| sort @timestamp asc
| display @timestamp, service, action, duration_ms, status

Teknik lanjutan: parse, Regex

Mengurai log tak terstruktur

fields @timestamp, @message
| parse @message "[*] User * failed to access resource * from IP *"
    as level, user, resource, ip

Parsing Regex

| parse @message /Request completed in (?<duration>\d+)ms with status (?<status>\d+)/

Teknik lanjutan: Calculated Fields

fields @timestamp, requests, errors
| fields error_rate = (errors / requests) * 100

fields @timestamp, status_code
| fields status_category =
    case(status_code < 300, "success",
         status_code < 500, "client_error",
         status_code >= 500, "server_error")
| stats count() as request_count by status_category

Optimasi kueri

Empat aturan optimasi kueri: tetapkan filter rentang waktu sebelum agregasi, batasi hasil, dan utamakan agregasi

Deteksi anomali dan korelasi

Deteksi anomali statistik

Hitung baseline: rata-rata dan simpangan baku 7 hari
Bandingkan periode saat ini dengan baseline
Tandai nilai > 2 simpangan baku sebagai anomali

Korelasi tingkat error

fields @timestamp, level
| stats count() as total_requests,
        sum(case(level = "ERROR", 1, 0)) as errors
        by bin(5m)
| fields error_rate = (errors / total_requests) * 100

Ringkasan

CloudWatch Logs Insights: layanan kueri interaktif, tanpa infrastruktur
Tiga bahasa kueri: Logs Insights QL, OpenSearch PPL, OpenSearch SQL
Enam skenario pemecahan masalah: lonjakan error, endpoint lambat, autentikasi gagal, batas waktu DB, kebocoran memori, pelacakan permintaan
Teknik lanjutan: parse untuk teks tak terstruktur, bin() untuk deret waktu, pct() untuk persentil
Korelasi dan deteksi anomali: analisis tingkat error, perbandingan baseline statistik
Dari investigasi ke otomatisasi: filter metrik dan alarm menutup siklus

Ayo berlatih!

Pemantauan dan Pemecahan Masalah AWS