撰寫查詢

SQL 入門

Jasmin Ludolf

Senior Data Science Content Developer, DataCamp

別名（Aliasing）

使用別名重新命名欄位

SELECT name AS first_name, year_hired
FROM employees;

| first_name | year_hired |
|------------|------------|
| Darius     | 2020       |
| Raven      | 2017       |
| Eduardo    | 2022       |
| Maggie     | 2021       |
| Amy        | 2020       |
| Meehir     | 2021       |

選取不重複紀錄

SELECT year_hired
FROM employees;

| year_hired |
|------------|
| 2020       |
| 2017       |
| 2022       |
| 2021       |
| 2020       |
| 2021       |

SELECT DISTINCT year_hired
FROM employees;

| year_hired |
|------------|
| 2020       |
| 2017       |
| 2022       |
| 2021       |

多欄位的 DISTINCT

employees 資料表

SELECT dept_id, year_hired
FROM employees;

| dept_id | year_hired |
|---------|------------|
| 1       | 2020       |
| 2       | 2017       |
| 2       | 2022       |
| 3       | 2021       |
| 2       | 2020       |
| 3       | 2021       |

多欄位的 DISTINCT

SELECT DISTINCT dept_id, year_hired
FROM employees;

| dept_id | year_hired |
|---------|------------|
| 1       | 2020       |
| 2       | 2017       |
| 2       | 2022       |
| 3       | 2021       |
| 2       | 2020       |

檢視表（Views）

「檢視表（view）」是由已儲存的 SQL SELECT 敘述產生的虛擬資料表。
存取時會依據底層資料的更新自動更新。

CREATE VIEW employee_hire_years AS
SELECT id, name, year_hired
FROM employees;

使用檢視表

SELECT id, name
FROM employee_hire_years;

| id    | name    |
|-------|---------|
| 54378 | Darius  |
| 94722 | Raven   |
| 45783 | Eduardo |
| 90123 | Maggie  |
| 67284 | Amy     |
| 26148 | Meehir  |

一起來練習吧！

SQL 入門