使用 NumPy 匯入平面檔

Python 資料匯入入門

Hugo Bowne-Anderson

Data Scientist at DataCamp

為什麼用 NumPy？

NumPy 陣列：數值資料的標準儲存方式

第 1 章第 3 張圖

為什麼用 NumPy？

NumPy 陣列：數值資料的標準
其他套件必備：例如 scikit-learn
loadtxt()
genfromtxt()

使用 NumPy 匯入平面檔

import numpy as np
filename = 'MNIST.txt'
data = np.loadtxt(filename, delimiter=',')
data

[[   0.    0.    0.    0.    0.]
 [  86.  250.  254.  254.  254.]
 [   0.    0.    0.    9.  254.]
 ..., 
 [   0.    0.    0.    0.    0.]
 [   0.    0.    0.    0.    0.]
 [   0.    0.    0.    0.    0.]]

自訂 NumPy 匯入

import numpy as np
filename = 'MNIST_header.txt'
data = np.loadtxt(filename, delimiter=',', skiprows=1)
print(data)

[[   0.    0.    0.    0.    0.]
 [  86.  250.  254.  254.  254.]
 [   0.    0.    0.    9.  254.]
 ..., 
 [   0.    0.    0.    0.    0.]
 [   0.    0.    0.    0.    0.]
 [   0.    0.    0.    0.    0.]]

skiprows：要跳過的列數（不是索引）

自訂 NumPy 匯入

import numpy as np
filename = 'MNIST_header.txt'
data = np.loadtxt(filename, delimiter=',', skiprows=1, usecols=[0, 2])
print(data)

[[   0.    0.]
 [  86.  254.]
 [   0.    0.]
 ..., 
 [   0.    0.]
 [   0.    0.]
 [   0.    0.]]

usecols：欲保留欄的索引清單

自訂 NumPy 匯入

data = np.loadtxt(filename, delimiter=',', dtype=str)

混合資料型別

titanic.csv

                        Name      Sex  Cabin   Fare
     Braund, Mr. Owen Harris     male    NaN    7.3
  Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley   female    C85   71.3
      Heikkinen, Miss. Laina   female    NaN    8.0
Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath   female   C123   53.1
    Allen, Mr. William Henry     male    NaN   8.05

¹ 來源：Kaggle

混合資料型別

titanic.csv

                        Name      Sex  Cabin   Fare
     Braund, Mr. Owen Harris     male    NaN    7.3
  Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley   female    C85   71.3
      Heikkinen, Miss. Laina   female    NaN    8.0
Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath   female   C123   53.1
    Allen, Mr. William Henry     male    NaN   8.05
               ^                                 ^
            strings                           floats

¹ 來源：Kaggle

一起來練習吧！

Python 資料匯入入門