Machine Learning with Tree-Based Models in Python
Elie Kawerk
Data Scientist
基礎估計器:Decision Tree、Logistic Regression、Neural Net 等
每個估計器各自以訓練集的不同自助抽樣樣本進行訓練
估計器在訓練與預測時使用所有特徵
基礎估計器:Decision Tree
每個估計器以與訓練集相同大小、但不同的自助抽樣樣本訓練
RF 在個別樹的訓練中引入更多隨機性
在每個節點無放回抽樣 $d$ 個特徵
($d < \text{total number of features}$)


分類:
RandomForestClassifier迴歸:
RandomForestRegressor# Basic imports
from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestRegressor
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error as MSE
# Set seed for reproducibility
SEED = 1
# Split dataset into 70% train and 30% test
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y,
test_size=0.3,
random_state=SEED)
# Instantiate a random forests regressor 'rf' 400 estimators rf = RandomForestRegressor(n_estimators=400, min_samples_leaf=0.12, random_state=SEED)# Fit 'rf' to the training set rf.fit(X_train, y_train) # Predict the test set labels 'y_pred' y_pred = rf.predict(X_test)
# Evaluate the test set RMSE
rmse_test = MSE(y_test, y_pred)**(1/2)
# Print the test set RMSE
print('Test set RMSE of rf: {:.2f}'.format(rmse_test))
Test set RMSE of rf: 3.98
以樹為基礎的方法:可量化各特徵對預測的重要性。
在 sklearn 中:
feature_importance_ 取得import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# Create a pd.Series of features importances
importances_rf = pd.Series(rf.feature_importances_, index = X.columns)
# Sort importances_rf
sorted_importances_rf = importances_rf.sort_values()
# Make a horizontal bar plot
sorted_importances_rf.plot(kind='barh', color='lightgreen'); plt.show()

Machine Learning with Tree-Based Models in Python