在 R 中使用 tidymodels 建立模型
David Svancer
Data Scientist

定義欄位角色
判定變數資料型別
使用 recipe() 函式完成

加入必要的資料前處理步驟
每個步驟以對應的 step_*() 函式加入

recipe 物件會以資料來源訓練,通常是訓練資料集
使用 prep() 函式訓練配方

套用所有已訓練的資料前處理轉換
使用 bake() 函式套用配方

在名單評分資料中對 total_time 做對數轉換
leads_training
# A tibble: 996 x 7
purchased total_visits total_time pages_per_visit total_clicks lead_source us_location
<fct> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <fct> <fct>
1 yes 7 1148 7 59 direct_traffic west
2 no 5 228 2.5 25 email southeast
3 no 7 481 2.33 21 organic_search west
4 no 4 177 4 37 direct_traffic west
5 no 2 1273 2 26 email midwest
# ... with 991 more rows
recipe() 函式
data 參數
將 recipe 物件傳給 step_log() 以加入對數轉換步驟
total_time,並指定對數底數leads_log_rec <- recipe(purchased ~ ., data = leads_training) %>%step_log(total_time, base = 10)
leads_log_rec
Data Recipe
Inputs:
role #variables
outcome 1
predictor 6
Operations:
Log transformation on total_time
將 recipe 物件傳給 summary() 函式
type 欄role 欄leads_log_rec %>%
summary()
# A tibble: 7 x 4
variable type role source
<chr> <chr> <chr> <chr>
1 total_visits numeric predictor original
2 total_time numeric predictor original
3 pages_per_visit numeric predictor original
4 total_clicks numeric predictor original
5 lead_source nominal predictor original
6 us_location nominal predictor original
7 purchased nominal outcome original
prep() 函式
recipe 物件training 參數
列印已訓練的 recipe 物件
[trained]leads_log_rec_prep <- leads_log_rec %>%
prep(training = leads_training)
leads_log_rec_prep
Data Recipe
Inputs:
role #variables
outcome 1
predictor 6
Training data contained 996 data points and
no missing data.
Operations:
Log transformation on total_time [trained]
bake() 函式
recipe 物件new_data 參數recipe 的資料leads_training 用來訓練該 recipeprep() 會保留轉換後的資料new_data 設為 NULL 以取出leads_log_rec_prep %>%
bake(new_data = NULL)
# A tibble: 996 x 7
total_visits total_time ... us_location purchased
<dbl> <dbl> ... <fct> <fct>
1 7 3.06 ... west yes
2 5 2.36 ... southeast no
3 7 2.68 ... west no
4 4 2.25 ... west no
5 2 3.10 ... midwest no
# ... with 991 more rows
轉換未用於 recipe 訓練的資料集
new_data 參數recipe 會把所有步驟套用到新資料來源leads_log_rec_prep %>%
bake(new_data = leads_test)
# A tibble: 332 x 7
total_visits total_time ... us_location purchased
<dbl> <dbl> ... <fct> <fct>
1 8 2 ... west no
2 4 3.13 ... northeast yes
3 3 2.25 ... west no
4 2 1.20 ... midwest no
5 9 3.01 ... west yes
# ... with 327 more rows
在 R 中使用 tidymodels 建立模型